As sulfur is mined in Indonesia

• How to extract sulfur Indonesia

In the province of East Java, Indonesia, is weakly active volcano Kawa Ijen height 2, 6 km. It is famous for its deep trough at the top (caldera) and the lake filled with sulfuric acid. Inside the crater of the volcano constantly releases gas fumes occur, which are deposited on ceramic tubes. Over time, they begin to condense red molten sulfur, which soon runs down and hardens. Local miners mined this mineral to earn their bread.

For this, they bring down sulfur steel reinforcement, bear broken off pieces on his shoulders and carry the weighing station. Thus the working is not particularly protected against hazardous gases and liquids, which are released during the sulfur production process. miners burden is approximately 45-90 kg, a worker makes a day two or three salable. At the end of the working day the miners receive a salary - 50 thousand rupees, or $ 5. The mineral is then used for decolorizing sugar, rubber vulcanization, as well as other industrial

Lake in crater filled with a solution of hydrogen chloride and sulfuric acid. Its temperature - 33Co, width - 1 km, depth - 200 m. Photo taken May 24, 2009, East Java, Indonesia.

The complex volcano Ijen (Ijen) in Banyuwangi neighborhood. Miner repairs polypropylene tubes.

The worker knocks sulfur from the chimney. As we can see, the molten sulfur flows into a red liquid and then gradually cools and solidifies yellowing.

Miners clean tube in which sulfur dioxide is condensed

The workers near the household weights during a break

Repairing large pipes for condensation of sulfur. Picture taken by the back segment of ceramic pipes

Repairs pipes

A piece of sulfur extracted from the crater of Ijen volcano

Miner removes sulfur from the crater of the volcano

Shakhtar has produced a piece of sulfur in their baskets

A short break during working hours.

Full basket of sulfur. Soon they will put out of the crater, and then weighed.

The workers endure extracted sulfur from the crater

Shakhtar at the exit from the crater of the volcano.

This photo shows the severe conditions of the miners. The process of raising the sulfur in the crater surface devoid of mechanization, workers are forced to carry a heavy burden on their shoulders.