How does CHP

• How does CHP

TPP - Thermal Power Plant, which produces not only electricity, but also provides the heat in our homes in the winter. On an example of Krasnoyarsk CHP's see how it works on nearly any thermal power plant.

In Krasnoyarsk there are 3 thermal power plant, the total electric power of which only 1146 MW. On the title photograph shows three chimneys CHP-3, the height of the highest of them - 275 meters, the second height - 180 meters.

TPP itself assumes an abbreviation that a station generates not only electricity but also heat (hot water, heating), and heat generation even possible priority in our country known severe winters.

In simple principle of the CHP can be described as follows.

It all starts with the fuel. In the role of fuel in various power plants can act as coal, gas and peat. In our case it is brown coal from the Borodino section located at 162 km from the station. Coal brought by rail. Part of it is stored, the other part goes on the conveyor in the unit, where he first coal is ground to dust and then fed into the combustion chamber - steam boiler.

Car dumper, by which coal is poured in the hopper:

where coal is ground and falls into the "furnace":

The boiler - a unit for generating steam at a pressure above atmospheric of continuously incoming feedwater therein. This happens due to heat generated by the combustion of fuel. boiler itself looks pretty impressive. Krasnoyarsk CHP-3 height reaches 78 meters (26-storey house), and it weighs over 7,000 tonnes! The boiler output - 670 tons of steam per hour:

View from above:

An incredible number of tubes:

is clearly visible boiler drum. The drum is a horizontal cylindrical vessel having a volume of water and steam, which are separated by a surface called evaporation mirror:

Cooled flue gases (approximately 130 degrees) out of the furnace in ESPs. The electrostatic gas purification comes from ash and purified smoke into the atmosphere. The effective degree of cleaning flue gases was 99.7%.

In the photo are the same electrostatic:

passed through the superheaters, steam heated to 545 degrees and enters the turbine where its pressure is rotating under the turbine generator rotor and, respectively, generating electricity.

CHP drawback is that they should be built close to the end user. Laying of heating costs a lot of money.

Krasnoyarsk CHP-3 uses once-through water system, i.e. water for condenser cooling and for use in a boiler taken directly from Yenissei, but before it is cleaned. After use, the water returns back into the channel Yenissei.

Turbogenerator:

Now a little about the Krasnoyarsk CHP-3.

Construction of the station began in the distant 1981, but, as we have in Russia is, because of the collapse of the Soviet Union and the crisis in time to build a CHP failed. From 1992 to 2012, the station operated as boiler - heats the water to produce electricity but only learned on March 1 last year. CHP employs about 560 people.